Clonidine
Catapres, Clorpres, Combipres, Duraclon, Kapvay, Nexiclon (clonidine) is a small molecule pharmaceutical. Clonidine was first approved as Combipres on 1982-01-01. It is used to treat attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, glaucoma, and hot flashes amongst others in the USA. The pharmaceutical is active against alpha-2B adrenergic receptor and alpha-2A adrenergic receptor. In addition, it is known to target alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, solute carrier family 22 member 1, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2, potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1, and alpha-1D adrenergic receptor.
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Therapeutic Areas
Therapeutic Area | MeSH |
|---|---|
| musculoskeletal diseases | D009140 |
| stomatognathic diseases | D009057 |
| nervous system diseases | D009422 |
| eye diseases | D005128 |
| cardiovascular diseases | D002318 |
| hereditary congenital and neonatal diseases and abnormalities | D009358 |
| signs and symptoms pathological conditions | D013568 |
| chemically-induced disorders | D064419 |
| mental disorders | D001523 |
Trade Name
FDA
EMA
Catapres, Duraclon, Kapvay, Nexiclon (generic drugs available since 1986-12-16, discontinued: Catapres, Jenloga)
Drug Products
FDA
EMA
New Drug Application (NDA)
New Drug Application (NDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA)
Chlorthalidone
+
Clonidine hydrochloride
Tradename | Company | Number | Date | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COMBIPRES | Boehringer Ingelheim | N-017503 DISCN | 1982-01-01 | 3 products, RLD |
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Clonidine
Labels
FDA
EMA
Brand Name | Status | Last Update |
|---|---|---|
| catapres-tts-1 catapres-tts-2 catapres-tts-3 | New Drug Application | 2022-07-25 |
| clonidine hydrochloride | ANDA | 2023-06-16 |
| duraclon | New Drug Application | 2021-03-17 |
| kapvay | New Drug Application | 2021-08-18 |
| nexiclon xr | New Drug Application | 2022-03-22 |
Indications
FDA
EMA
Indication | Ontology | MeSH | ICD-10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity | EFO_0003888 | D001289 | F90 |
| diarrhea | HP_0002014 | D003967 | R19.7 |
| dysmenorrhea | HP_0100607 | D004412 | N94.6 |
| glaucoma | EFO_0000516 | D005901 | H40 |
| hot flashes | — | D019584 | — |
| hypertension | EFO_0000537 | D006973 | I10 |
| intractable pain | — | D010148 | — |
| muscle spasticity | HP_0001257 | D009128 | — |
| nervous system alcohol-induced disorders | — | D020268 | — |
| sialorrhea | HP_0002307 | D012798 | K11.7 |
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Agency Specific
FDA
EMA
No data
ATC Codes
C: Cardiovascular system drugs
— C02: Antihypertensives
— C02A: Antiadrenergic agents, centrally acting
— C02AC: Imidazoline receptor agonists
— C02AC01: Clonidine
— C02L: Antihypertensives and diuretics in combination
— C02LC: Imidazoline receptor agonists in combination with diuretics
— C02LC01: Clonidine and diuretics
— C02LC51: Clonidine and diuretics, combinations with other drugs
N: Nervous system drugs
— N02: Analgesics
— N02C: Antimigraine preparations
— N02CX: Other antimigraine preparations in atc
— N02CX02: Clonidine
S: Sensory organ drugs
— S01: Ophthalmologicals
— S01E: Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics
— S01EA: Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
— S01EA04: Clonidine
HCPCS
Code | Description |
|---|---|
| J0735 | Injection, clonidine hydrochloride, 1 mg |
Clinical
Clinical Trials
29 clinical trials
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Indications Phases 4
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burning mouth syndrome | D002054 | EFO_1000850 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 1 | 5 | |
| Schizophrenia | D012559 | EFO_0000692 | F20 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
| Panic disorder | D016584 | EFO_0004262 | F41.0 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
| Pain | D010146 | EFO_0003843 | R52 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
| Social phobia | D000072861 | EFO_1001917 | F40.1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| Cerebral palsy | D002547 | G80 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | |
| Psychotic disorders | D011618 | F20.81 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | |
| Agoraphobia | D000379 | EFO_1001872 | F40.0 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| Heart arrest | D006323 | EFO_0009492 | I46 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| Post-traumatic stress disorders | D013313 | EFO_0001358 | F43.1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 3
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status epilepticus | D013226 | EFO_0008526 | G41 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| Epilepsy | D004827 | EFO_0000474 | G40.9 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | 3 |
| Dementia | D003704 | F03 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | |
| Psychophysiologic disorders | D011602 | F45.9 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | |
| Depression | D003863 | F33.9 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | |
| Anxiety disorders | D001008 | EFO_0006788 | F41.1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Epilepsia partialis continua | D017036 | EFO_1000924 | G40.1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
Indications Phases 2
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rem sleep behavior disorder | D020187 | EFO_0007462 | G47.52 | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | 3 |
| Neuralgia | D009437 | EFO_0009430 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | |
| Parkinson disease | D010300 | EFO_0002508 | G20 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| Glossalgia | D005926 | K14.6 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
Indications Without Phase
Indication | MeSH | Ontology | ICD-10 | Ph 1 | Ph 2 | Ph 3 | Ph 4 | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Febrile seizures | D003294 | HP_0002373 | R56.0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
Epidemiology
Epidemiological information for investigational and approved indications
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Drug
General
| Drug common name | CLONIDINE |
| INN | clonidine |
| Description | Clonidine (imino form) is a clonidine. It is a tautomer of a clonidine (amino form). |
| Classification | Small molecule |
| Drug class | — |
| Image (chem structure or protein) | |
| Structure (InChI/SMILES or Protein Sequence) | Clc1cccc(Cl)c1NC1=NCCN1 |
Target
Agency Approved
ADRA2B
ADRA2B
ADRA2A
ADRA2A
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRA2B
Gene synonyms
ADRA2L1, ADRA2RL1
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
alpha-2B adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
ADRA2B adrenergic, alpha-2B-, receptor, Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C2, alpha-2-adrenergic receptor-like 1, Alpha-2B adrenoceptor, Alpha-2B adrenoreceptor, Alpha-2BAR, G-protein coupled receptor
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adra2b (11552)
alpha-2B adrenergic receptor (P30545)
Alternate
ADRA2C
ADRA2C
SLC22A1
SLC22A1
HCN4
HCN4
HCN2
HCN2
HCN1
HCN1
ADRA1D
ADRA1D
Organism
Homo sapiens
Gene name
ADRA2C
Gene synonyms
ADRA2L2, ADRA2RL2
NCBI Gene ID
Protein name
alpha-2C adrenergic receptor
Protein synonyms
adrenergic, alpha-2C-, receptor, Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C4, Alpha-2C adrenoceptor, Alpha-2C adrenoreceptor, Alpha-2CAR, alpha2-AR-C4
Uniprot ID
Mouse ortholog
Adra2c (11553)
alpha-2C adrenergic receptor (Q01337)
Variants
Clinical Variant
No data
Financial
No data
Trends
PubMed Central
Top Terms for Disease or Syndrome:
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Additional graphs summarizing 20,655 documents
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Safety
Black-box Warning
Black-box warning for: Duraclon
Adverse Events
Top Adverse Reactions
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36,959 adverse events reported
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